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What is first pass yield and how does it differ from final yield?
First pass yield (FPY) is the percentage of units that are made correctly the first time, with no rework or repair. Divide good units that passed first time by total units started. Final yield counts units that were eventually good, including reworked ones.
Example: 1,000 units started, 900 pass first time, 60 are reworked and then pass, 40 are scrapped. FPY is 90 percent, while final yield is 96 percent.
It matters because rework costs labour, time and capacity that final yield hides.
Commonly misread:
- Reporting only final yield and believing the process is healthier than it is.
- Multiplying yields across process steps without checking that each step uses the same definition.
- Counting units at different points in the process.
Track both figures and the gap between them.
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